被動語態

　　一般現在時的被動語態：

　　承受者 + be (is/am/are) + done(過去分詞)+ by + 執行者。

　　eg. Many schools are built(done)every year in the city.

　　注意：地點狀語，時間狀語一般都放在句末;in the city 特指。

　　其中be的使用取決于主語的單復形式。

　　A lot of修飾可數和不可數名詞

　　Many修飾可數名詞

　　Mach修飾不可數名詞

　　主動：They all read(原形)English every day.

　　被動：English read (過去分詞)by all of them every day.

　　主動：Mother often scolds me.

　　被動：I am often scolded by mother.

　　一般過去式的被動語態：

　　承受者 + be (was/were) + done(過去分詞)+ by + 執行者(不明確時可省略)。

　　eg. 主動：He repaired his bike yesterday.

　　被動：His bike was repaired by him yesterday.

　　主動：Children cleaned many streets last Sunday.

　　被動：Many streets were cleaned by children last Sunday.

　　現在進行時的被動語態：

　　承受者 + be (is/am/are) + being(現在分詞)+ done + by + 執行者(不明確時可省略)。

　　eg. 主動：He is writing his composition.

　　被動：His composition is being written by him.

　　注意：write – wrote - written

　　過去進行時的被動語態：

　　承受者 + be (was/were) + being(現在分詞)+ done + by + 執行者(不明確時可省略)。

　　eg. 主動：He was majoring computer during his college.

　　被動：Computer was being majored by him during his college.

　　將來時的被動語態：

　　承受者 + be going to/will (shall) be動詞原形/be to be done + by + 執行者(不明確時可省略)。

　　eg.1 A big supermarket will/shall/be to be built here next year

　　注意：be to用以表示計劃或安排好的動作或行為。

　　eg.2 The flight is to leave for Hefei city.

　　現在完成時的被動語態：

　　承受者 + have(復數主語)/has been done + by + 執行者(不明確時可省略)。

　　eg. 主動：Our School has finished many scientific researches.

　　被動：Many scientific researches have been finished by our school.

　　將來時態的被動語態：

　　承受者 + (be going to/will/shall/be to) + have been done + by + 執行者。

　　eg. 主動：We'll have finished the book by the end of September.

　　被動：The book will/shall have been finished by the end of September.

　　注意：by the end of 短語的用法

　　(1)Will have done by the end of + 將來時態

　　(2)Had done by the end of + 過去完成時態

　　eg. The project had been made by the end of last week.

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